The osteocondrou process affects any of the column or several at the same time.Lumbar and cervical vertebrae are more affected by pathologies, such as the most susceptible to loads due to the anatomy of the human skeleton.
The consequences of spinal osteochondrosis in the cervical region cause the most annoying and potential complications, because the neck is an area rich on neuromusive roads, many of which feed directly to the brain.
For this reason, clinical symptoms with cervical osteochondrosis are many associated with the ischemia of brain areas.In addition, nerve roots, which provide sensitivity and motor activity of the hands and shoulder waist, when squeezing with destroyed vertebrates, can give a variety of symptomatic images.
Next, consider the general clinic of osteochondrosis of the cervical column.
Dizziness
The dizziness is also due to a violation of the blood flow to the organs of the inner ear, which guarantees the balance of the body.Nystagm often binds to dizziness: arbitrary fluctuations in the students of the eyes on the sides.
Shortness of breath
This sensation appears due to the irritation of the ends of the diaphragmatic nerve.It is a component of the cervical nerve beam and is involved in the regulation of breathing, its depth and frequency.Patients complain about the inability to breathe in the complete chest.
In some cases, the symptom is aggravated to a severe lack of breathing and suffocation.For the same reason, breathing stops at night and snoring.
The disadvantage of oxygen due to respiratory problems is ultimately the cause of fatigue, a decrease in concentration and memory problems.
Nausea
It is accompanied by Air Belling.Also due to problems with blood circulation in some areas of the brain and inner ear.Nausea is sometimes observed with indomitable vomiting caused by head and body movements.The consequence of frequent nausea and vomiting is a decrease in appetite, weight loss, food failure.
Vision problems
"Full" in the eyes, a decrease in visual acuity, fog in front of the eyes: these are all symptoms due to the ischemia of the brain area that is responsible for the vision.
Patients with osteochondrosis complain less frequently of the vision, since the lack of blood supply of the vertebral vessels is compensated by the blood flow of the carbon arteries system.
The therapeutic glasses and gymnastics for the eye muscles do not solve the problem, in general, the vision improves after the treatment of osteochondrosis.
An unstable pressure is due to the deteriorated blood flow in the oblong brain that is responsible for the functions of the vascular-motor center.
It occurs with spasm of the brain arteries due to the short -term arrest of the blood flow along the vertebral arteries.
From the state of loss of the patient's consciousness, it can be quickly eliminated by placing it so that the legs are slightly higher than the head: the flow of blood to the brain allows a person to generate life.
After a fainting attack, reversible problems with speech and movements can be observed, due to a brief stop of the blood flow, for some time.
Green symptoms
It can often be the only sign that indicates cervical osteochondrosis.They are expressed as perspiration, dryness and sensation of a lump in the throat, difficulties with swallowing.The symptoms are associated with the compression of the nervous plexus responsible for the innervation of the pharynx.It is necessary to differentiate such manifestations from a similar clinic for inflammation or neoplasms.
The increase in body temperature for cervical osteochondrosis is not the most typical symptom, it is rarely and locally observed: in the cervical and necklace area, with a slight redness of the skin.
The osteochondrosis clinic in the cervical column can be, in the first place, on various degrees of gravity, it depends on the stage of development of the pathology, also during the periods of exacerbations that are brighter and, secondly, to form in certain syndromes.
Stage i
The beginning of degenerative processes in the cartilage of the vertebral discs.The symptoms are weak, sometimes it cannot be observed at all.The first signs of osteochondrosis of the cervical column:
- Discomfort in the neck, arms, shoulders, sometimes become pain;
- headache;
- Easy restriction of the motor activity of the neck;
- Quickly passing visual disability;
- Reducing the sensitivity of the skin of the necklace area.
IMPORTANT: These symptoms become more pronounced by bowing their heads.
As a general rule, in the first stage of the osteochondrosis of the cervical region, patients do not go to the doctor, believing that all symptoms are associated with fatigue, stress, age, lack of sleep.
Stage II
At this stage, the protuberance of the vertebrates, the narrow intervertebral cracks, the collagen fiber of the fibrous ring of the album is destroyed.There are notable painful symptoms of a punctual nature due to the compression of nerve trunks, which intensify during neck movements and head laps.Here you can suspect cervical osteochondrosis, whose symptoms in the second stage are the following:
- Pronounced pain in the neck, sometimes with a crunch;
- The skin of the shoulders and hands loses sensitivity almost completely;
- Headaches are frequent, do not pass for a long time;
- Visual disability with "flies" in the eyes;
- sound and noise in the ears;
- weakness of the muscles of the upper extremities;
- The clarity of tendon reflexes is reduced;
- shoot pain with dedication under the shoulder blade;
- the feeling of a lump in the throat, problems with swallowing;
- Sleep disorders, usually insomnia.
Long holding the head in a position leads to severe pain.At this stage of the development of the disease, patients already come to the doctor for help.
Stage III
The fibrous ring on the disc is destroyed, hernias are formed.In the third stage, there is a deformation of the spine, displacement and dislocations of the vertebrae due to its weak fixation.The symptoms are as follows:
- Intensive and sharp pain in the neck, neck area, heart area;
- The sensitivity of the scalp on the back of the head, in the shoulder region, in the hands, to the complete absence of;
- hernia of the cervical column;
- pairsis and paralysis of the upper extremities;
- Tendular reflexes are practically not observed.
This is a serious stage of the disease in which the patient can no longer keep his head on his own.The ischemia of the spinal cord and the compression of the arteries of the column lead to paralysis and paresis in other parts of the body and the spinal race.
Not specific and a large number of various symptoms that accompany the osteochondrosis of the cervical column make it difficult to diagnose and additional treatment, since some of them can be a sign of completely different diseases.The symptoms of cervical osteochondrosis are formed in certain groups called syndromes.Their presence and severity may indicate a pathology in the cervical column with an updated location.
Clinical image of the osteochondrosis of the cervical column - symptoms, signs
Osteochondrosis of the cervical region is a chronic and slowly progressive spinal disease, in which vertebrae, intervertebral joints and discs are affected and destroyed.The vertebrae from the first to seventh, which belong to the cervical region, suffer.
As the disease progresses, intervertebral discs lose their elasticity and resistance, they flatten, relax, their amortizing properties get worse.This deformation occurs due to changes caused by power disorders and tissue exhaustion.
These violations are one of the natural aging processes of the body, but several overloads, posture disorders, injuries, congenital anomalies of the spine and some other causes cause early wear and tear of the cartilage and discs.
The pain can have a different location, they can be on the neck, in the occipital region, on the shoulder or the upper limb.The shoulder or hand pain appears when the nerve column innervates the upper limb is involved in the process.The pain in the occipital part of the head is caused by the cramp of the neck muscles, which are attached to the occipital bone and the circulatory disorders in this area.
When symptoms occur:
- A decrease in sensitivity in hand occurs when a spine is damaged, which contains sensitive nerves that innervate the skin of the upper limb.
- The restriction of the movements in the cervical column and the crunch during the movements occurs due to a decrease in the height of the intervertebral disc, the appearance of bone growth in the bodies of the vertebrae and the damage to the small joints between the cervical vertebrae.
- The dizziness, the deteriorated coordination, the weakness occurs in severe cases with a strong deterioration in the blood supply to the occipital fraction of the brain, cerebellum and trunk.
- Language numbness, decrease in audition and vision
All these symptoms are due to the participation of the vertebral artery in the process, which takes place in its own channel located in the transverse processes of the cervical vertebrae.As a result of the development of cervical osteochondrosis, the formation of fibrous tissue, the vertebrae of the vertebrae, the blood flow in these arteries worsens, which leads to a deterioration in the supply of blood to the ocipital fraction of the brain and the cerebellum.
Reasons
- Excessive physical activity in sports or heavy physical work;
- hereditary predisposition;
- Neck hypothermia (walking in winter without a scarf);
- stress;
- work on the computer;
- obesity.
Some of the above causes cause osteochondrosis and other columns.
The degree of osteochondrosis is determined by the clinical image and complaints of the patient.The concept of degree should not be confused with the stages of osteochondrosis.The stages will be discussed below.
Considering and analyzing the procedure for the development of changes in the tissues of the vertebra, doctors distinguished several stages of osteochondrosis of the cervical region:
- Preclinical phase.Cervical osteochondrosis of the first degree is expressed by displacement of the octopo core next door and the beginning of the destruction of the fibrous ring.The pain in this period can be absent, a small lordosis and difficulty in turning or bowing your head is possible.
- The osteochondrosis of the cervical region of the second grade is characterized by an increase in pathological destruction, the instability of the entire segment with subluxis, and a pain appears, sometimes giving in the belt or arm of the shoulder.The patient complains of distraction, a deterioration in memory and attention.
- Third grade osteochondrosis develops with a complete breakdown of the fibrous ring.Neurological symptoms appear, sensitivity is altered.The pain in the third stage becomes constant and bothers the patient a lot.The mobility of the cervical segment worsens.
- 4 degrees neck osteochondrosis.The final stage of the degenerative process.The intervertebral disc is completely replaced by connective tissue, all symptoms become more pronounced, deterioration in the coordination of movements, ataxia is observed.
Depending on pain location, the following types of disease are distinguished: Radium, Cervicobraquialgia, Cervicocranialia and Cervicalgia.
According to the method, of course, the disease is usual to divide into acute intervertebral osteochondrosis of the neck, which appears for the first time and chronicle, stretching for years with constant remissions and exacerbations.
What doctor is cervical osteochondrosis?
The variety of symptoms, often hidden under the mask of another ailment, causes patients a logical question: what doctor contact?When any pain in the neck, shoulders and hands or the appearance of neurotic disorders, it is urgent to approach the neurologist or the vertebrologist.
And who to contact if there are no such specialists in the local clinic?In this case, the ticket must be postponed to the therapist.The doctor will prescribe treatment or send a limited specialization to the doctor.
Symptoms depending on damaged vertebra
Separately, root syndromes can be distinguished, which leads to one or the other sensitive disorders and engines.They differ depending on what type of vertebra tightens the spinal root:
- C1: leads to numbness and deteriorated sensitivity on the back of the head;
- C2: pain in the parietal region and the back of the head;
- C3: Speech deterioration, sensitivity of language, pain and decrease in sensitivity on the side where the spinal nerve is violated;
- C4: Heart pain, left hypochondrium, on the shoulder, shoulderness, respiratory disorders, decrease in the tone of the neck muscles;
- C5: shoulder pain in the outer area;
- C6: The pain that yields from the forearm to the thumb from the hand, as well as the neck in the shoulder blade;
- C7: The pain on the posterior surface of the shoulder, from the neck to the shoulder blade, gives 2-4 fingers on the forearm;
- C8: Neck pain, from the forearm to the little finger.
Osteochondrosis diagnosis
To make a diagnosis, instrumental exam methods are used:
- X -Ray examination of the department of Espinal;
- myelography;
- Neurological study of sensitivity, reflexes.
Additional methods prescribed for the differentiation and clarification of the diagnosis, the stage of pathology includes:
- Computed tomography of the column (CT);
- Magnetic nuclear resonance (Jamr);
- Magnetic resonance images (MRI).
During the exam with neurological tests, the doctor will evaluate the degree of mobility and neck pain, as well as the deteriorated blood flow in the vertebral artery.
Cervical osteochondrosis requires not only the study of vertebrae itself, but also tissues, blood vessels, nerves.Only then can we judge the complete image of the pathological changes that occurred due to the disease.
The diagnosis of cervical osteochondrosis begins with a visual exam and a patient survey.The neuropathologist is interested in the patient's living and work conditions, the presence of chronic ailments, nutrition and motor activity.
A preliminary diagnosis is confirmed by the conduct of instrumental research:
- X -Ray in two projections;
- Magnetic resonance;
- Connecticut;
- UZDS (duplex scan).
Hormone analysis is required for more fair sex.Without it, the treatment of cervical osteochondrosis in women does not begin.
To exclude pathologies with such symptoms, a differential diagnosis is carried out with the appointment of additional consultations with a surgeon, gynecologist, cardiologist, ophthalmologist and tradition.
Osteochondrosis complications
The osteochondrosis of the cervical column is dangerous with its complications.With the adverse development of the disease, squeezing the spinal artery can cause a stroke of the brain, the persistent worsening of hearing and vision.
Often, an intervertebral hernia, severe hypertension and numbness or cooling of the fingers bind to osteochondrosis.In women, complications of a neurological nature are often developed: constant fatigue, lethargy, loss of performance, excessive resentment.
The non -complement with the prescribed treatment, the prolonged avoidance of a doctor and the lack of osteochondrosis therapy contribute to the progression of the disease and causes the development of complications, pathologies and new diseases, such as:
- Hernia of intervertebral discs (column hernia);
- outgoing;
- kyphosis;
- Radiculitis;
- Salt deposits in the intervertebral space;
- spinal cord strokes;
- Reduction in muscle mass of limbs, muscle atrophy due to deteriorated blood supply;
- Lower extremities paralysis.
Although the fourth degree of osteochondrosis can occur without pronounced symptoms and pain, careless osteochondrosis is the most dangerous for the development of serious complications and can lead to the patient's disability.
Medical Physical Education
LFK for cervical osteochondrosis must be carried out outside the acute exacerbation.The greatest effectiveness of this technique during the recovery period.During the implementation of the complex there should be no discomfort or pain!
| Exercise number 1 | Lying on the stomach, rest your hands on the floor, raise your head and a torso, your back must be straight.Stay in this position for 1-2 minutes.Slowly sink on the floor.Repeat 2-3 times. |
| Exercise number 2 | Lying on your stomach, stretch your arms along the body, turn your head to the left, try to touch the floor with your ear and then turn your head to the right.Repeat 6-7 times in each address. |
| Exercise number 3 | In the position of sitting, lean forward and try to touch your chest with your head, then exhale, tilt back and throw your head.Repeat 10-15 times. |
| Exercise number 4 | When sitting, put your palms on your forehead, press your palms on your forehead and your forehead is in your palm.Continue this year for 30 seconds.Repeat 2-3 times. |
| Exercise number 5 | Slowly turn your head in one direction, then in the other direction.10 rotations in each direction.Make sure there are no dizziness.When it appears, the exercise stops. |
Risk factors
The chances of obtaining osteochondrosis increase if you have:
- abnormalities of column development;
- overweight;
- long physical effort;
- bad habits (smoking);
- sedentary lifestyle;
- work, which implies the regular vibration impact on the spine (for example, with vehicle drivers);
- long stress, excessive nerve tension;
- local hypothermia;
- previous lesions in the neck and neck;
- Autoimmune pathologies that imply the degeneration of the cartilage.
Psychosomatic
The development of cervical osteochondrosis indicates the inability to resist problems competently.Sometimes people become so strong and safe in their skills that their stability before adversity is transformed into stiffness and lack of flexibility.In this case, attempts to touch the head are accompanied by rigidity, seizures and other unpleasant sensations.
In addition, osteochondrosis can develop in people who are afraid of problems and do not know how to deal with them.In this case, the mammal protective reflex is activated, and the head is literally drawn on the shoulders.This provision is considered unnatural, therefore, after some time, the muscles of the cervical region begin to hurt and deform.
Treatment
The treatment of cervical osteochondrosis depends on the stage of the disease.If in the first stage there is a sufficiently conservative and wandering treatment, then in the second and third stage, the doctor's task is, in the first place, to stop pain syndrome.Improved cases may require surgical treatment for decompression and stabilization of vertebrae.
Drugs
| Cluster | Description |
| NSAID (non -steroidal anti -inflammatory drugs) | It helps eliminate swelling and pain.The base of the most used medications are action components such as sodium diclofenac. |
| Vasodilatative drugs | Contribute to improving blood circulation. |
| Sedatives, muscle relaxants | They are prescribed additionally to facilitate the general condition of the patient and reduce the doses of the NSAIDs.Relieve nerve and muscle cramps at the same time, help achieve a better therapeutic effect. |
At the end of the therapy course, NSAIDs should be purchased for a first -aid kit for the home, because neck pain can be returned periodically (with stress, excessive excess, weather change).Before taking any drug, consult your doctor.
If a positive effect is not observed after a conservative treatment of a conservative treatment, the doctor may recommend the patient's spinal fuse.
This procedure allows you to immobilize the affected spinal segment.
Its essence is to eliminate the intervertebral disc, the decompression of the nerve root, the installation of the implant or the creation of the physiological height of the disk space.
The operation has many side effects and contraindications.Therefore, it can cause vertebrogenic disability.That is why surgery is carried out in extreme cases.
The massage with cervical osteochondrosis allows you to achieve notable improvements.It is important that the procedure is carried out by a professional: the inept movements in the area of the cervical column can aggravate the situation.The movements must affect the necklace area, the cervical region and part of the back.
Pay attention to the technique of performing exercises for the treatment of cervical osteochondrossage for osteochondrosis implies the alternation of the following actions.
- Stroking.The masseuse affects the surface layers of the skin, moving from the head to the upper third of the back of the back.At the same time, palms or fingertips work.
- Tightening.The deep layers of the skin located in the upper third of the back are exposed.In this case, the index and the thumb of the hands are carried out through the neck to take the skin.The cloth adjacent to the vertebrae are not involved in this process.
- Trituration.It is carried out to heat the skin, increase blood flow in the necklace area.The procedure must be carried out extremely carefully.It is forbidden to influence the thorny processes of the vertebrae.Sometimes, rubbing is replaced with circular strokes or movements that resemble the sawmill.
- Kneading.It affects deeply liars, therefore, it has a limited value.It can aggravate the pathology.
During the massage, the patient must go to bed in his stomach, in extreme cases, sit down.
Prevention
For disease prevention, it is recommended:
- For the health of the column, it is important in which the pillow goes to sleep on a pillow and orthopedic mattress;
- Take a hot shower daily for 10 minutes;
- Visit a bathroom or sauna house (relieves the cramps of the neck muscles);
- Avoid sharp head inclinations and turns;
- Walk more on foot, do yoga and swimming;
- With the "sitting" work, make five -minute breaks every hour (you need to walk during breaks, it leans with the body and head in different directions);
- Avoid a greater load in the column: classes with pesos, jumps, run;
- Choose chairs and chairs that support the column;
- Abandon addictions, such as smoking, alcohol abuse;
- Drink at least a liters and a half of water per day.
It is recommended to eat with cervical osteochondrosis often (at least five times a day) and in small portions.Preference should be given to steamed or cooked dishes.Salads must be seasoned with olive oil.